Korupsi, Institusi, dan Pertumbuhan: Asia Tenggara
Abstract
Pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam pandangan neoklasik memandang pasar sangat kompetitif, tanpa adanya insentif untuk menciptakan monopoli. Kebebasan untuk masuk dan bersaing di pasar akan membantu meningkatkan efisiensi dalam produksi disertai konsumsi yang bernilai tinggi. Proses pasar ini mengarah mengarah pada alokasi faktor produksi yang optimal dan maksimum. Namun, ketika suatu negara berusaha mengejar maksimalisasi output secara nasional, maka tingkat korupsi berada pada titik optimal. Melalui hal ini, institusi mempersiapkan kerangka kerja sebagai wadah transaksi dan kerja sama pada kondisi yang tidak menguntungkan. Kebebasan ekonomi yang lebih besar memungkinkan mekanisme pasar bekerja lebih efektif untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh korupsi dan institusi terhadap pertumbuhan negara-negara kawasan Asia Tenggara dalam rentang tahun 2010-2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan OLS dengan model fixed effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa korupsi memberikan manfaat bagi pertumbuhan negara-negara ASEAN. Negara-negara dengan kualitas institusi yang baik mendukung tingkat korupsi yang semakin rendah, sehingga memperoleh pertumbuhan yang semakin meningkat dalam jangka panjang.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Acemoglu, D., & Verdier, T. (2000). The Choice Between Market Failures and Corruption. American Economic Review, 90(1), 194-211.
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2005). Chapter 6 Institutions as A Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth. Handbook of Economic Growth, 385-472.
Ades, A., & Di Tella, R. (1999). Rents, Competition, and Corruption. American Economic Review, 89(4), 982-993.
Aidt, T. S. (2009). Corruption, Institutions, and Economic Development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 25(2), 271-291.
Ajija, Shochrul Rohmatul, dkk (2011). Cara Cerdas Menguasai Eviews. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Alfada, A. (2019). The Destructive Effect of Corruption on Economic Growth in Indonesia: A Threshold Model. Heliyon, 5(10), 1-14.
Anh, N. N., Minh, N. N., & Tran-Nam, B. (2016). Corruption and Economic Growth, with a Focus on Vietnam. Crime, Law and Social Change, 65(4-5), 307-324.
Armstrong, H., & Taylor, J. (2000). Regional Economics and Policy (3rd edition). Great Britain: Blackwell Publishing.
Bayley, D. H. (1966). The Effects of Corruption in A Developing Nation. Political Research Quarterly, 19(4), 719-732.
Barro, R. J. (1996). Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study. NBER Working Paper Series No. 5698, 1-79.
Barro, R. J., & Sala-i-Martin, X. (2004). Economic Growth (2nd edition). London: The MIT Press.
Beach, W. W., & Miles, M. A. (2006). Explaining The Factors of The Index of Economic Freedom. 2006 Index of Economic Freedom, 55-76.
Ben Ali, M. S., & Saha, S. (2016). Corruption and Economic Development. In: Ben Ali, M.S. (eds) Economic Development in The Middle East and North Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
Blackburn, K., Bose, N., & Emraul Haque, M. (2006). The Incidence and Persistence of Corruption in Economic Development. Journal of Economic Dynamic and Control, 30(12), 2447-2467.
Blanchard, O., & Johnson, David. R. (2017). Makroekonomi (edisi 6). Jakarta: Erlangga.
Cabaravdic, A., & Nilsson, M. (2017). The Effect of Corruption on Economic Growth: Does Corruption Show a Significant Effect in The Growth of an Economy?
Carlsson, F., & Lundström, S. (2002). Economic Freedom and Growth: Decomposing The Effects. Public Choice, 112(3/4), 335-344.
Colombatto, E. (2003). Why is Corruption Tolerated? The Review of Austrian Economics, 16(4), 363-379.
De Vaal, A., & Ebben, W. (2011). Institutions and The Relation Between Corruption and Economic Growth. Review of Development Economics, 15(1), 108-123.
Del Monte, A., & Papagni, E. (2001). Public Expenditure, Corruption, and Economic Growth: The Case of Italy. European Journal of Political Economy, 17(1), 1-16.
Easterly, W., & Levine, R. (2002). It’s Not Factor Accumulation: Stylized Facts and Growth Models (Vol.6, pp. 61-114). Santiago, Chile: Central Bank of Chile.
Ghozali, I., & Ratmono, D. (2017). Analisis Multivariat dan Ekonometrika: Teori, Konsep, dan Aplikasi dengan Eviews 8. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2005). Economic Freedom Versus Political Freedom: Cross-Country Influences on Corruption. Australian Economic Papers, 44(2), 121-133.
Graeff, P., & Mehlkop, G. (2003). The Impact of Economic Freedom on Corruption: Different Patterns for Rich and Poor Countries. European Journal of Political Economy, 19(3), 605-620.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. (2013). Basic Econometric (5th edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gupta, S., Davoodi, H., & Alonso-Terme, R. (2002). Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Povery. Economics of Governance, 3(1), 23-45.
Gwartney, J. D., Lawson, R. A., & Holcombe, R. G. (1999). Economic Freedom and The Environment for Economic Growth. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), 155(4), 643-663.
Haw, T. J., Kueh, J., & Siew Ling, S. W. (2020). Corruption and Growth in ASEAN Countries: A Non-Linear Investigation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 10(3), 347-369.
Heckelman, J. C., & Powell, B. (2010). Corruption and The Institutional Environment for Growth. Comparative Economic Studies, 52(3), 351-378.
Huang, C. -J. (2016). Is Corruption Bad for Economic Growth? Evidence from Asia-Pacific Countries. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 35, 247-256.
Immurana, M. (2020). How Does FDI Influence Health Outcomes in Africa? African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Development, 13(5), 1-11.
Kennedy, S. (1997). Comrade’s Dilemma: Corruption and Growth in Transition Economies. Problems of Post-Communism, 44(2), 28-36.
Leff, N. H. (1964). Economic Development Through Bureucratic Corruption. American Behavioral Scientist, 8(3), 8-14.
Leite, C., & Weidmann, J. (1999). Does Mother Nature Corrupt? Natural Resources, Corruption, and Economic Growth. IMF Working Paper, (1999/085), 1-34.
Levin, M., & Satarov, G. (2000). Corruption and Institutions in Russia. European Journal of Political Economy, 16(1), 113-132.
Leys, C. (1965). What is The Problem About Corruption? The Journal of Modern African Studies, 3(2), 215-230.
Lui, F. T. (1985). An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery. Journal of Political Economy, 93(4), 760-781.
Madyan, M., Wisudanto, & Firdausi, N. A. (2019). Corporate Ownership Structure and Stock Liquidity of Islamic and Non-Islamic Stocks: The Indonesian Experience. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 9(8), 135-153.
Mankiw, N. G., & Whinston, M. D. (1986). Free Entry and Social Inefficiency. The RAND Journal of Economics, 17(1), 48-58.
Mankiw, N. G., Romer, D., & Weil, D. N. (1992). A Contribution to The Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107(2), 407-437.
Mankiw, N. Gregory. (2000). Teori Ekonomi Makro (edisi 4). Jakarta: Erlangga.
Mauro, P. (1995). Corruption and Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(3), 681-712.
Mendez, F., & Sepúlveda, F. (2006). Corruption, Growth and Political Regimes: Cross Country Evidence. European Journal of Political Economy, 22(1), 82-98.
Méon, P. -G., & Sekkat, K. (2005). Does Corruption Grease or Sand The Wheels of Growth? Public Choice, 122(1-2), 69-97.
Méon, P. -G., & Weill, L. (2010). Is Corruption an Efficient Grease? World Development, 38(3), 244-259.
Mo, P. H. (2001). Corruption and Economic Growth. Journal of Comparative Economics, 29(1), 66-79.
Nawatmi, Sri. (2014). Korupsi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara-Negara Asia Pasifik. Jurnal Bisnis dan Ekonomi (JBE), 21(1), 73-82.
Parkin, M. (2010). Makroekonomi (edisi 9). Boston: Pearson.
Pellegrini, L., & Gerlagh, R. (2004). Corruption’s Effect on Growth and Its Transmisson Channels. Kyklos, 57(3), 429-456.
Romer, P. M. (1990). Capital, Labor, and Productivity. Brookings Paper on Economic Activity. Microeconomics, 1990(1990), 337-367.
Saha, S., & Sen, K. (2020). The Corruption-Growth Relationship: Does The Political Regime Matter? Journal of Institutional Economics, 17(2), 243-266.
SBM, Nugroho. (2016). Korupsi dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya di Indonesia. Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 26(2), 19-33.
Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1993). Corruption. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 599-617.
Solow, R. M. (1956). A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
Solow, R. M. (1999). Chapter 9 Neoclassical Growth Theory. Handbook of Macroeconomics, 637-667.
Sredojević, D., Cvetanović, S., & Boškovic, G. (2016). Technological Changes in Economic Growth Theory: Neoclassical, Endogenous, and Evolutionary-Institutional Approach. Economic Themes, 54(2), 177-194.
Svensson, J. (2005). Eight Question about Corruption. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(3), 19-42.
Sujarweni, V. Wiratna. (2015). Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis & Ekonomi (edisi 1). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Baru Press.
Tanzi, V. (1998). Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope, and Cures. Staff Papers – International Monetary Fund, 45(4), 559-594.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2015). Economic Development (12th edition). Harlow: Pearson Education, Inc.
Widarjono, A. (2009). Ekonometrika Pengantar dan Aplikasinya (edisi 3). Yogyakarta: Ekonesia.
Zouaoui, Azzouz., Al Qudah, A., & Ben Arab, M. (2017). World Corruption Perception Index Analysis. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 8(24), 85-91.
